https://imedsciences.com/ editor_ijims@hotmail.com
ISSN: 2394-4137 (E) 2394-6318 (P)

IJIMS.2015.107

Type of Article: Original

Page No.: 90-98

DOI: 10.16965/ijims

 

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Polyherbal Formulations on Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Single Blinded Randomized Study

Kumeshini Sukalingam, Kumar Ganesan*, Kumar Ponnusamy.

Faculty of Medicine, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Shah Alam- 40100, Selangor, Malaysia.

ABSTRACT

Background: The antidiabetic activity of the individual plant parts is well known, but the synergistic or combined effects are unclear. The concept of polyherbalism has been highlighted in Sharangdhar Samhita, an Ayurvedic literature dating back to 1300 AD. Polyherbal formulations enhance the therapeutic action and reduce the concentrations of single herbs, thereby reducing adverse events. The study focuses on polyherbal formulations of five different medicinal plants used for the treatment of Type II diabetic patients.

Methods: In the present study five medicinal plants (Mango, Guava, Amla, Garlic and Onion) with proven antidiabetic and related beneficial effects were selected for the preparation. The efficacy of prepared formulations were tested on Type II diabetic patients and compared with placebo diabetic control patients.

Results: The polyherbal formulations produced a significant decrease in blood glucose level after 8 weeks of treatment. Diabetic patients exhibited increase levels of lipid profiles such as cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), and a decrease in the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) during the first week of treatment. The elevated lipid profiles were restored to near normal by the treatment of polyherbal formulations for all the estimated parameters at 8th week. In addition the polyherbal formulations also restored the BMI, blood pressure, haemoglobin, glycosylated   haemoglobin and urinary parameters levels which indicates that they reduce the other complicacies of diabetes. The results of the formulations on Type II diabetic group were strong evidence that not only it restored the glycemic level but also reduced the lipid profile to the near normal.

Conclusion: Based on the findings, the polyherbal formulations have significant antidiabetic potential for Type II diabetic patients.

KEY WORDS: Polyherbal formulations, Biochemical and hematological parameters, type 2 diabetic patients, Antidiabetic potential.

 

REFERENCES

  1. Afifi FU, Al-khalid A, Khalil E: Studies on the in vivo hypoglycemic activities of two medicinal plants used in treatment of diabetes in Jordanian traditional medicine. J Ethnopharmacol 2005, 100: 314-318.
  2. Ahmed I, Goldstein B: Diabetes mellitus. Clinics in Dermatol 2006, 24: 237–246.
  3. Djomeni PD, Tedong L, Asongalem EA, Dimo T, Sokeng SD, Kamtchoung P: Hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effects of root extract of Ceiba pentandira in normal and diabetic rats. Afr J Trad Cam 2006, 3: 129-136.
  4. Alberti KGM, Zimmet PZ: Definition, Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complication. Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of Diabetes mellitus, Provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabetes Med 1998, 15: 539-553
  5. Colman PG, Wang LI, Lafferty KJ: Molecular biology and autoimmunity of type I diabetes mellitus. In: Drazini B, Melmed S, LePoith D, eds. Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diabetes Mellitus- Insulin Secretion. New York: Alan R. Liss Inc. 2006: 125-137.
  6. Giugliano D, Ceriello A, Paolisso G: Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: which role for oxidative stress. Metabolism 1995, 44: 363-368.
  7. Pickup J, Williams G: Text Book of Diabetes. Blackwell, Oxford, 1991: 467-469
  8. Augusti KT, Sheela CJ: Antiperoxide effect of S-allyl cystine sulfoxide, an insulin secretagogue in diabetic rats. Experientia 1996; 52: 115-119.
  9. WHO: Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus. Second Report. Technical Report Series 646. Geneva, 1980.
  10. Latha M, Pari L, Sitasawad S, Bhonde R: Insulin secretagogue activity and cytoprotective role of the traditional antidiabetic plant Scoparia dulcis (Sweet Broomweed). Life Sci 2004, 75:2003-2014.
  11. Andrew JK: Diabetes. New York: Churchill Living Stone, 2000.
  12. Dabis G, Michon D, Gazenav J, Ruffie A: interet clinique d’une strategie biologique adaptee au diabete sucre. La vie medicale 1984, 8: 277–290.
  13. Naik SR, Filho JMB, Dhuley JN, Deshmukh A: Possible mechanism of hypoglycaemic activity of basic acid, a natural product isolated from Bumelia sartorum. J Ethnopharmacol 1991, 33: 37–44.
  14. Obatomi DK, Bikomo EO, Temple VJ: Anti-diabetic properties of the African Mistletoe in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 1994, 43: 13–17.
  15. Steiner DF, Williams RH: Action of phenetyl biguanide and related compounds. Diabetes 1959, 8: 154–157.
  16. Roman-Ramos R, Flores-Saenz JL, Alarcon-Aguilar FJ: Antihypertensive effect of some edible plants. J Ethnopharmacol 1995, 48: 25–32.
  17. Umamaheswari S, Leena Dennis Joseph, Srikanth J, Lavanya R, Chamundeeswari D, Uma Maheswara Reddy C: Antidiabetic Activity of a Polyherbal Formulation (DIABET). Inter J Pharma Sci 2010, 2: 18-22
  18. Pushparaj PN, Low HK, Manikandan J, Tan BK, Tan CH: Antidiabetic effects of Cichorium intybus in steptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007, 111:430-434.
  19. Wang L, Zhang XT, Zhang HY, Yao HY & Zhang H: Effect of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. leaves extract on blood glucose and plasma lipid levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2010, 130:465-469.
  20. Palumbo PJ: Metformin: effect on cardiovascular risk factor in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complicat 2008, 12:110-109.
  21. Arvind K, Pradeep R, Deepa R, Mohan V: Diabetes and coronary artery diseases. Indian J Med Res 2009, 116:163-176.
  22. Murali B, Upadhyaya, UM, Goyal RK: Effect of chronic treatment with Enicostemma littorale in non-insulin dependent diabetic (NIDDM) rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2008, 81:199-204.
  23. Lewis GF, Steiner G: Hypertriglyceridemia and its metabolic consequences as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Diab Metab Rev 2006, 12:37-56.
  24. Loh KC, Thai AC, Lui KF, Ng WY: High prevalence of dyslipidaemia despite adequate glycaemic control in patients with diabetes. Ann Acad Med Sing 2006, 25: 228-232.
  25. Steiner G, Stewart D, Hosking JD: Baseline characteristics of the study population in the Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study (DAIS). World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for the Study of Atherosclerosis in Diabetes. Am J Cardiol 2009, 84: 1004-1010.
  26. Whitlock G, Lewington S, Sherliker P: Bodymass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet 2009, 373:1083–96.
  27. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF, Gail MH: Excess Deaths Associated with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity. JAMA 2005, 293: 1861–7.
  28. Berrington de Gonzalez A, Hartge P, Cerhan JR: Body-mass index and mortality among 1.46 million white adults. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 2211–9.
  29. Thomas MC, Maclsaac RJ, Tsalamandris C: Unrecognized anemia in patients with diabetes: a cross sectional survey. Diabetes Care 2003, 26:1164-1169.
  30. Arun GS, Ramesh KG: Improvement of insulin sensitivity by perindopril in spontaneously hypertensive and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2002, 34:156-164.
  31. Palacios I, Lozano M, Moro C: Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds occurring in edible mushrooms. Food Chem 2011, 128: 674-678.
  32. Oyedemi SO, Adewusi EA, Aiyegoro OA, Akinpelu DA: Antidiabetic and haematological effect of aqueous extract of stem bark of Afzelia Africana (Smith) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2011, 1: 353-358.
  33. Bruce A, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walters P: Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th ed. New York and London: Garland Science, 2002.
  34. Palsamy P, Subramanian S: Resveratrol, a natural phytoalexin, normalizes hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced experimental diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2008, 62: 598–605.
  35. Prabhu KS, Lobo R, Shirwaikar A: Antidiabetic properties of the alcoholic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus in streptozotocin-nicotinamide diabetic rats. J. Pharma Pharmacol 2008, 60:909–916.
  36. Kikkawa R, Koya D, Haneda M: Progression of diabetic nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis 2003, 41 : S19 –S21
  37. Ishii N, Patel KP, Lane PH, Taylor T, Bian K, Murad F, Pollock JS, Carmines PK: Nitric oxide synthesis and oxidative stress in the renal cortex of rats with diabetes mellitus. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001, 12: 1630 –1639.
  38. Forbes JM, Bonnet F, Russo LM, Burns WC, Cao Z, Candido R, Kawachi H, Allen TJ, Cooper ME, Jerums G, Osicka TM: Modulation of nephrin in the diabetic kidney: Association with systemic hypertension and increasing albuminuria. J Hypertens 2002, 20: 985 –992.

 

Download Full Text TOC