https://imedsciences.com/ editor_ijims@hotmail.com
ISSN: 2394-4137 (E) 2394-6318 (P)

IJIMS.2018.101

Type of Article: Original Research

Volume 5; Issue 2: 2018

Page No.: 571-576

DOI: 10.16965/ijims.2018.101

 

ACUTE LEUKAEMIAS ON BONE MARROW EXAMINATION AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN THE TELANGANA POPULATION

S. Praveena *1, K. Durga 2.

*1 Assistant professor, Pathology Department, Dr. Patnam Mahender reddy institute of medical sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

2 Professor of Pathology, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Corresponding author: Dr. S. Praveena, Assistant professor, Pathology Department, Dr. Patnam Mahender reddy institute of medical sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-Mail: praveena.bhushan@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

These lymphoid and myeloid leukemias are associated with varied systemic involvement such as anemia, splenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy and petechial haemorrhagic spots. For this reason, the clinician also requires the basic peripheral blood smear study as a preliminary examination to differentiate the various diseases that overlap the symptomatology of acute leukemia clinically. With this background we examined bone marrow and clinical manifestations for rule out the acute leukaemias in Telangana population. During the 25 months of study a total of 36 cases of leukaemias were studied in the Department of pathology, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal in collaboration with Lifeline Diagnostics, Hyderabad. Out of 36 cases, 20 cases were AML, 15 cases were ALL and 1 case was mixed phenotypic acute leukaemia. The highest number of cases in the adults belonged to AML (16 cases). In children ALL (13cases) formed the majority of cases followed by AML (4 cases). The most common presentation in the study population followed by splenomegaly (38.8%). Out of the AML cases studied, 13 cases were diagnosed by morphology alone and in 5 cases, cytogenetic study helped in sub typing the cases. Out of the ALL cases studied 5 cases were diagnosed by morphology alone and in 3 Cases, cytogenetic studies confirmed the diagnosis. MPO stain was done on all cases of acute leukaemias and (20 cases) out of these showed   positivity favouring a diagnosis of AML. PAS stain was done on all cases, (7 cases) of which showed block positivity favouring a diagnosis of ALL.

Key words: AML, Lymphoid Leukaemia, Myeloid Leukaemia, Phenotypic Acute Leukaemia, Cytogenetic study.

REFERENCES

  1. Leukemia, in Mosby’s Medical, Nursing & Allied Health Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Mosby-YearBook, Inc.,1994, p. 903
  2. Mathers, Colin D, Cynthia Boschi Pinto, Alan D Lopez and Christopher JL Murray (2001). “Cancer incidence, mortality and survival by site for 14 regions of the world”. Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion Paper No. 13 (World Health Organization).
  3. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Leukemia. National Cancer Institute. 2011. Approximately 10.8% were diagnosed under age 20.
  4. Greer John P, Baer Maria. R, Kinney Marsha. C, Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology. 10th edition, Williams and Wilkins, volume 2, 1999, 2273.
  5. Redaelli A, Laskin BL, Stephens JM, Botteman MF, Pashos CL. A systematic literature review of the clinical and epidemiological burden of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2005;14(1):53-62.
  6. Kaushal, S., Sidhu, S.S., Anand, N., Patnaik, V.V.G., Singla, Rajan K. A study of chromosomal morphology in leukaemias” journal of Anatomy society India. 2001:50(20);112-8.
  7. Charrin c. Cytogenetic abnormalities in acute lymphoblastic leukaemias. Coloborative study of the group m Francais de cytogenetique, haematologique. Blood. 1996:87(8);3135-42.
  8. Ghosh S, Shinde SC, Kumaran GS, Sapre RS, Dhond SR, Badrinath Y, et.al. Haematologic and immunophenotypic profile of acutemyeloid leukemia: an experience of Tata Memorial Hospital. Indian J Cancer. 2003;40(2):71-6.
  9. Vinsheth FJ, Sheth JJ, Patel AI, Shah AD, Verhest A. Usefulness of cytogenetics in leukemias. Indian J Cancer.2002;39(4):139-42.
  10. Mrózek K, Heinonen K, Bloomfield CD. Clinical importance of cytogenetics in acute myeloid leukaemia. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2001;14(1):19-47.
Download Full Text TOC